Cracked Tooth Under a Bridge: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment Options

A dental bridge is designed to restore the function and appearance of your smile by replacing one or more missing teeth. It typically consists of crowns on the adjacent teeth (abutments) that support a false tooth (pontic) in the gap left by the missing tooth. However, even with this restorative solution in place, underlying issues such as a cracked tooth beneath the bridge can develop, leading to discomfort, pain, and potential complications. Identifying and addressing a cracked tooth under a bridge as early as possible is crucial for preserving your dental health. In this comprehensive guide, we’ll explore the symptoms of a cracked tooth under a bridge, the causes, and the available treatment options.

Understanding the Importance of a Healthy Tooth Under a Bridge

The teeth that support a bridge (abutment teeth) are critical to the success and longevity of the restoration. These teeth endure the same forces as natural teeth, and if they become damaged, it can compromise the stability of the entire bridge. A crack in one of these teeth is a serious issue that can lead to further complications if not promptly addressed.

Symptoms of a Cracked Tooth Under a Bridge

A cracked tooth under a bridge may not always be immediately obvious, but several symptoms can indicate that something is wrong. Here are the common signs to watch for:

1. Pain When Biting or Chewing

One of the most common symptoms of a cracked tooth is pain when applying pressure, such as when biting or chewing. The pain may be sharp, sudden, or localized to a specific area under the bridge.

What It Feels Like: You might notice a sharp pain when you bite down on something hard or chewy. The pain may subside once the pressure is released, but it could return whenever you chew.

2. Sensitivity to Temperature

A cracked tooth can lead to increased sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures. You might experience discomfort or pain when consuming hot beverages, cold foods, or even when breathing in cold air.

What It Feels Like: If you have a cracked tooth under your bridge, you may feel a sharp, lingering pain when eating or drinking something hot or cold. This sensitivity can be a sign that the crack has reached the inner layers of the tooth.

3. Intermittent Pain

Pain from a cracked tooth can be intermittent, meaning it comes and goes. You might not feel discomfort all the time, but certain triggers—like biting a certain way or eating specific foods—can cause pain.

What It Feels Like: You may notice that the pain is inconsistent, occurring only under specific conditions. This can make it difficult to pinpoint the source of the problem.

4. Swelling or Tenderness in the Gums

If the crack in the tooth has led to an infection or inflammation, you might notice swelling or tenderness in the gums around the bridge. The area may feel sore to the touch or appear red and inflamed.

What It Looks Like: Check the gums near the bridge for any signs of swelling, redness, or pus, which could indicate an infection related to the cracked tooth.

5. Loose or Unstable Bridge

A cracked tooth under the bridge can compromise the stability of the entire bridge. You might notice that the bridge feels loose or unstable when you bite down or when you run your tongue along it.

What It Feels Like: If your bridge moves or feels loose when you chew or touch it, this could be a sign that the underlying tooth is damaged and unable to support the bridge properly.

6. Persistent Bad Breath or Unpleasant Taste

A cracked tooth can allow bacteria to enter the tooth and surrounding areas, leading to an infection. This can result in persistent bad breath (halitosis) or a bad taste in your mouth that doesn’t go away with brushing or mouthwash.

What It Smells or Tastes Like: If you notice a foul odor or taste that persists despite good oral hygiene, it could be a sign of infection stemming from a cracked tooth under the bridge.

Causes of a Cracked Tooth Under a Bridge

Several factors can contribute to the development of a cracked tooth under a dental bridge. Understanding these causes can help you take steps to prevent further damage:

1. Biting Down on Hard Objects

One of the most common causes of a cracked tooth is biting down on something hard, such as ice, hard candy, or nuts. The force exerted on the tooth can cause it to crack, particularly if the tooth is already weakened.

Common Culprits: Chewing on ice, hard candy, or biting down on unpopped popcorn kernels can put excessive stress on the tooth under a bridge, leading to cracks.

2. Teeth Grinding (Bruxism)

Bruxism, or the habit of grinding or clenching your teeth, can put significant pressure on your teeth, including those supporting a bridge. Over time, this constant grinding can lead to cracks.

Why It Happens: Grinding your teeth during sleep or stressful situations can wear down the enamel and increase the risk of cracks, especially in teeth that support a dental bridge.

3. Wear and Tear Over Time

Teeth that support a bridge are subjected to daily wear and tear, just like natural teeth. Over time, this wear can weaken the tooth structure, making it more susceptible to cracking.

Contributing Factors: Age, repeated use, and the natural wear of tooth enamel can all contribute to a higher risk of cracking, particularly in older dental bridges.

4. Large Fillings or Previous Dental Work

Teeth that have large fillings or have undergone significant dental work in the past are more prone to cracking. The weakened structure of these teeth may not withstand the pressure placed on them by a bridge.

Why It Happens: Large fillings or previous root canal treatments can leave the tooth more fragile and less able to handle the forces of biting and chewing, increasing the risk of cracking.

5. Trauma or Injury

A sudden impact or trauma to the mouth, such as from a fall, accident, or sports injury, can cause a tooth under a bridge to crack. Even if the bridge itself appears intact, the underlying tooth may have sustained damage.

Common Scenarios: Sports injuries, car accidents, or any direct blow to the face can result in a cracked tooth under a bridge.

Treatment Options for a Cracked Tooth Under a Bridge

If you suspect that you have a cracked tooth under your bridge, it’s important to see your dentist as soon as possible. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent further damage and complications. Here are the common treatment options:

1. Dental Bonding

For minor cracks that don’t extend deep into the tooth, dental bonding might be an option. Bonding involves applying a tooth-colored resin to the cracked area to seal it and restore the tooth’s integrity.

When It’s Used: Dental bonding is suitable for small, superficial cracks that don’t affect the tooth’s structure or the stability of the bridge.
Procedure: Your dentist will clean the area, apply the bonding material, shape it to match your tooth, and then harden it with a special light.

2. Dental Crown

If the crack is more significant but hasn’t reached the tooth’s pulp, your dentist may recommend placing a new crown over the cracked tooth. The crown can protect the tooth from further damage and restore its strength.

When It’s Used: A crown is often recommended for cracks that compromise the tooth’s structural integrity but don’t require a root canal.
Procedure: The cracked tooth is reshaped, and a custom crown is made to fit over it. The bridge may need to be removed and reattached, or a new bridge may be required.

3. Root Canal Therapy

If the crack has extended into the tooth’s pulp, causing pain or infection, root canal therapy may be necessary. This procedure removes the damaged pulp, cleans and seals the tooth, and is usually followed by placing a crown.

When It’s Used: Root canals are required when the crack reaches the nerve, leading to symptoms like pain, sensitivity, or infection.
Procedure: The infected pulp is removed, the inside of the tooth is cleaned, and the tooth is sealed. A crown is then placed over the tooth to protect it.

4. Tooth Extraction and Bridge Replacement

In cases where the crack is so severe that the tooth cannot be saved, extraction may be the only option. After the tooth is removed, your dentist will discuss options for replacing the tooth, which may include a new bridge or a dental implant.

When It’s Used: Extraction is necessary when the crack extends below the gum line or has fractured the tooth beyond repair.
Procedure: The damaged tooth is extracted, and after healing, a new bridge or implant is placed to restore function and appearance.

5. Dental Implant

If the cracked tooth is beyond repair and needs to be extracted, a dental implant may be a viable option. A dental implant involves placing a titanium post into the jawbone, which acts as a replacement tooth root, followed by attaching a crown.

When It’s Used: Dental implants are ideal when you want a long-term, durable solution after a tooth extraction.
Procedure: The implant is surgically placed into the jawbone, and after a healing period, a custom crown is attached to the implant.

Preventing Cracks in Teeth Under a Bridge

Preventing a cracked tooth under a bridge involves taking care of your oral health and being mindful of habits that could lead to damage. Here are some preventive measures you can take:

1. Avoid Biting Hard Objects

Refrain from chewing on hard foods or objects that could crack your teeth, such as ice, hard candy, or popcorn kernels. If you have a habit of biting your nails or using your teeth to open packages, try to break these habits.

Tip: Cut hard foods into smaller, more manageable pieces and chew carefully.

2. Wear a Mouthguard

If you grind your teeth at night (bruxism) or participate in contact sports, wearing a custom mouthguard can protect your teeth from excessive force and reduce the risk of cracks.

Tip: Ask your dentist about getting a custom-fit mouthguard that is comfortable and provides adequate protection.

3. Maintain Good Oral Hygiene

Keep your teeth and gums healthy by brushing twice a day, flossing daily, and using mouthwash. Regular dental check-ups and cleanings are also important for detecting any issues early and maintaining the integrity of your dental bridge.

Tip: Pay special attention to cleaning around the bridge and the abutment teeth to prevent decay and gum disease.

4. Address Dental Issues Promptly

If you notice any signs of a cracked tooth or other dental issues, don’t wait to see your dentist. Early intervention can prevent more serious complications and preserve your dental bridge.

Tip: Keep an eye out for any changes in how your bridge feels or looks, and report any symptoms to your dentist right away.

Frequently Asked Questions About Cracked Teeth Under a Bridge

Q: How can I tell if I have a cracked tooth under my bridge?

A: Symptoms of a cracked tooth under a bridge include pain when biting or chewing, sensitivity to temperature, intermittent pain, swelling in the gums, and a loose or unstable bridge. If you experience any of these symptoms, contact your dentist for an evaluation.

Q: Can a cracked tooth under a bridge be repaired without removing the bridge?

A: Depending on the severity of the crack, your dentist may be able to repair the tooth without removing the bridge, especially if the crack is minor. However, more significant cracks may require removing the bridge to properly treat the tooth.

Q: What happens if a cracked tooth under a bridge is left untreated?

A: If left untreated, a cracked tooth under a bridge can lead to more serious issues, such as infection, tooth loss, or damage to the surrounding teeth and gums. Prompt treatment is important to prevent further complications.

Q: How long can I wait to treat a cracked tooth under a bridge?

A: It’s best to seek treatment for a cracked tooth as soon as possible. Delaying treatment can worsen the crack and increase the risk of complications like infection or the need for extraction.

Q: Can I prevent a cracked tooth under my bridge from getting worse?

A: While you can take steps to prevent further damage by avoiding hard foods and wearing a mouthguard, it’s important to see your dentist for proper treatment to fully address the crack and protect the tooth.

Conclusion: Addressing and Preventing a Cracked Tooth Under a Bridge

A cracked tooth under a dental bridge is a serious issue that requires prompt attention to prevent further damage and ensure the stability of your bridge. By recognizing the symptoms early and seeking treatment, you can protect your oral health and maintain the function and appearance of your smile.

Preventive measures, such as avoiding hard foods, wearing a mouthguard, and maintaining good oral hygiene, can help reduce the risk of cracks developing in the first place. However, if you do experience any symptoms of a cracked tooth, don’t hesitate to contact your dentist. With the right care and treatment, you can restore the health of your tooth and preserve your dental bridge for years to come.